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Research papers on Probiotics and gut health

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  2. The Detrimental Impact of Ultra-Processed Foods on the Human Gut Microbiome and Gut Barrier

    D. Rondinella, P. Raoul, Eleonora Valeriani, et al. · 2025 · Nutrients · 133 citations

    Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) have become a widely consumed food category in modern diets. However, their impact on gut health is raising increasing concerns. This review investigates how UPFs impact the gut microbiome and gut barrier, emphasizing gut dysbiosis and increased gut permeability. UPFs, characterized by a high content of synthetic additives and emulsifiers, and low fiber content, are associated with a decrease in microbial diversity, lower levels of beneficial bacteria like Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and an increase in pro-inflammatory microorganisms. These alterations in the microbial community contribute to persistent inflammation, which is associa

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  3. Physical Exercise and the Gut Microbiome: A Bidirectional Relationship Influencing Health and Performance

    Sanish Varghese, Shrinidhi Rao, Aadam M. Khattak, et al. · 2024 · Nutrients · 127 citations

    Background/Objectives: The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that can influence our health and exercise habits. On the other hand, physical exercise can also impact our microbiome, affecting our health. Our narrative review examines the bidirectional relationship between physical activity and the gut microbiome, as well as the potential for targeted probiotic regimens to enhance sports performance. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review to select articles published up till January 2024 on the topics of physical exercise, sports, probiotics, and gut microbiota from major scientific databases, incorporating over 100 studies. Results: We found that t

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  4. Probiotics in Poultry: Unlocking Productivity Through Microbiome Modulation and Gut Health

    M. Naeem, D. Bourassa · 2025 · Microorganisms · 116 citations

    This review explores the role of probiotics in improving productivity and gut health in poultry through microbiome modulation, particularly during early life. Gut health is pivotal to poultry performance, influencing nutrient absorption, immune function, and disease resistance. Early-life interventions target the microbiome to shape long-term health and productivity. Probiotics, live microorganisms providing health benefits, improve gut health through the competitive exclusion of pathogens, immune modulation, antimicrobial compound production, and enhancing gut barrier integrity. Applying probiotics improves growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, body weight gain, and carcass qualit

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  5. Microbiome-Driven Therapeutics: From Gut Health to Precision Medicine

    M. Yaqub, Aashika Jain, Chinedu Eucharia Joseph, et al. · 2025 · Gastrointestinal Disorders · 73 citations

    The human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms residing in and on the body, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of a wide range of physiological processes, including digestion, immune responses, and metabolic functions. In recent years, the rapidly growing field of microbiome-driven therapeutics has garnered significant attention owing to its potential to revolutionize healthcare. This review explores the evolving landscape of microbiome-based therapies, with a particular focus on the gut microbiome and its implications for both gut health and precision medicine. We highlight recent advances in understanding how microbial communities influence disease pathogenesis and treatme

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  6. Understanding How Pre- and Probiotics Affect the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Health.

    P. Bock, A. F. Martins, Beatriz D'Agord Schaan · 2024 · American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 58 citations

    The gut microbiome, a complex assembly of microorganisms, significantly impacts human health by influencing nutrient absorption, the immune system, and disease response. These microorganisms form a dynamic ecosystem that is critical to maintaining overall well-being. Prebiotics and probiotics are pivotal in regulating gut microbiotacomposition. Prebiotics nourish beneficial bacteria, and promote their growth, while probiotics help maintain balance within the microbiome. This intricate balance extends to several aspects of health, including maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier, regulating immune responses, and producing metabolites crucial for metabolic health. Dysbiosis, or an imbala

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  8. Rosacea, microbiome and probiotics: the gut-skin axis

    Pedro Sánchez-Pellicer, Cristina Eguren-Michelena, J. García-Gavín, et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Microbiology · 54 citations

    Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disease involving diverse symptoms with a variable clinical progress which can severely impact the patient’s quality of life as well as their mental health. The pathophysiological model of rosacea involves an unbalanced immune system predisposed to excessive inflammation, in addition to vascular and nervous alterations, being certain cutaneous microorganisms’ triggers of the symptoms onset. The gut-skin axis explains a bidirectional interaction between skin and gut microbiota in some inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, or rosacea. The introduction and consolidation of the next-generation sequencing in recent years has provided unpr

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  9. Human Gut Microbiome: A Connecting Organ Between Nutrition, Metabolism, and Health

    Sandra Valencia, Martha Zuluaga, María Cristina Florian Pérez, et al. · 2025 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 51 citations

    The gut microbiome plays a vital role in human health, functioning as a metabolic organ that influences nutrient absorption and overall well-being. With growing evidence that dietary interventions can modulate the microbiome and improve health, this review examines whether healthcare systems should prioritize personalized microbiome-targeted therapies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and microbiota transplants, over traditional pharmaceutical treatments for chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular risk, and inflammatory conditions. A systematic review using Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted, followed by a scientometric analysis. Key metabolic pathways, such as

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  10. Impact of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gut Microbiome and Hormonal Regulation

    J. Basnet, Manar A Eissa, Licy L. Yanes Cardozo, et al. · 2024 · Gastrointestinal disorders (Basel, Switzerland) · 45 citations

    The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health by influencing various physiological functions through complex interactions with the endocrine system. These interactions involve the production of metabolites, signaling molecules, and direct communication with endocrine cells, which modulate hormone secretion and activity. As a result, the microbiome can exert neuroendocrine effects and contribute to metabolic regulation, adiposity, and appetite control. Additionally, the gut microbiome influences reproductive health by altering levels of sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, potentially contributing to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypogonadism. Given

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  11. Targeted Gut Microbiome Therapy: Applications and Prospects of Probiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Natural Products in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes.

    Lu-Qi Qin, Bei Fan, Yixia Zhou, et al. · 2025 · Pharmacological research · 34 citations

    Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered as one of the most pressing public health challenges worldwide. Studies have shown significant differences in the gut microbiota between healthy individuals and T2DM patients, suggesting that gut microorganisms may play a key role in the onset and progression of T2DM. This review systematically summarizes the relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM, and explores the mechanisms through which gut microorganisms may alleviate T2DM. Additionally, it evaluates the potential of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)/virome transplantation (FVT), and natural products in modulating gut microbiota to treat T2DM. Although existing studies

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  12. Synergistic role of prebiotics and probiotics in gut microbiome health: Mechanisms and clinical applications

    T. Kumari, Kshirod Kumar Bag, Amit Baran Das, et al. · 2024 · Food Bioengineering · 32 citations

    Prebiotic and probiotic usage has exploded, with most formulations promoting gastrointestinal and immunological benefits. Prebiotics modulate the gut microbiota, as a result, short‐chain fatty acids are released into the bloodstream. Prebiotics have immunomodulatory properties that reduce inflammation while enhancing immune responses and boosting gut health. The potential of probiotics has shown steady expansion in the digestive system, metabolic balance, and vaginal health. Probiotics offer therapeutic and preventative strategies for a range of human diseases. The in vitro studies suggested the delivery matrix might influence their effects through physicochemical interactions with molecular

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  15. The Bidirectional Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review

    K. Rathore, N. Shukla, Sunil Naik, et al. · 2025 · Cureus · 25 citations

    The gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in mental health, influencing mood, cognition, and emotional regulation through the gut-brain axis. This bidirectional communication system connects the gastrointestinal and CNS, facilitated by microbial metabolites, neurotransmitters, and immune interactions. Recent research highlights the association between gut dysbiosis and psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, depression, and stress-related conditions. Key findings indicate that altered microbial diversity, decreased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and increased neuroinflammation contribute to mental health disturbances. This paper explores the mechanism linking the gut microbiom

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  16. Deciphering the gut microbiome’s metabolic code: pathways to bone health and novel therapeutic avenues

    Daniel Hwang, Esther Chong, Yan-Xiu Li, et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Endocrinology · 24 citations

    The gut microbiome plays an important role in the protection against various systemic diseases. Its metabolic products profoundly influence a wide range of pathophysiological events, including the regulation of bone health. This review discusses the recently established connections between the gut microbiome and bone metabolism, focusing on the impact of microbiome-derived metabolites such as SCFAs, Bile Acids, and tryptophan to the control of bone remodeling and immunoreactions. Recent advances in metagenomics and microbiome profiling have unveiled new exciting therapeutic opportunities, ranging from the use of probiotics, prebiotics, engineered microbes, and to fecal microbiota transplanta

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  17. Revolutionizing gut health: Advances in encapsulation strategies for probiotics and bioactive molecules.

    Andrea Martelli, Yousra Mohamed, Gloria Gallego-Ferrer, et al. · 2025 · Biotechnology advances · 24 citations

    Advancements in biotechnology underscore the critical role of gastrointestinal microbiome in health and disease. Probiotic supplementation offers therapeutic potential, particularly for functional gastrointestinal disorders, which affect over 40 % of the global population and impair quality of life. Despite a rapidly growing probiotics market, many formulations suffer from poor efficacy due to challenges such as gastric survival, temperature sensitivity and poor colonization of the gut lining. Encapsulation technologies have emerged as potential solutions, offering protection for probiotics but introducing complexities related to biopolymer coatings and adhesion efficiency. Moreover, reactiv

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  19. The Role of the Gut Microbiome and Probiotics in Sports Performance: A Narrative Review Update

    H. Jarrett, S. Medlin, James C. Morehen · 2025 · Nutrients · 16 citations

    Background/Objectives: Gut microbiome modulation through probiotics is a growing area of research, with several investigations reporting beneficial health outcomes for the host. Physical exercise has been shown to impact gut microbiome diversity. Emerging evidence suggests that probiotic supplementation can affect exercise performance. However, the mechanisms and domain-specific effects of gut microbiome modulation on performance remain to be elucidated. This narrative review aims to investigate the potential mechanisms underpinning the ergogenic benefits of probiotics and further define the current evidence base for specific performance domains. Discussion: The literature suggests that impr

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  20. Gut Microbiome Modulation by Probiotics: Implications for Livestock Growth Performance and Health—Narrative Review

    P. Idowu, L. Mbambalala, O. Akinmoladun, et al. · 2025 · Applied Microbiology · 15 citations

    Probiotics have emerged as gut modulators, capable of restructuring microbial communities to enhance animal health and performance. This review synthesizes peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025, retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. It encompasses both ruminant and monogastric species to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation under diverse production environments. Evidence indicates that diet, age, host genetics, and management practices strongly influence gut microbiome composition and function, explaining the context-dependent nature of probiotic efficacy. These interventions improve growth performance, feed efficiency, gut morphology, pathog

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  21. The Role of Probiotics in Modulating the Gut Microbiome in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

    Yushi Dong, Xi-Lin Wu, Yumeng Zhang, et al. · 2025 · Foods · 13 citations

    Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has emerged as a global public health priority characterized by escalating prevalence and the limited efficacy of current therapeutic approaches. Although the pathological complexity of AD is well-recognized, its underlying etiology remains incompletely elucidated. Current research highlights a bidirectional gut–brain axis (GBA) interaction, wherein gut microbiome perturbations may impair intestinal barrier stability, influence immune responses, and blood–brain barrier permeability through microbial metabolite-mediated pathways, thereby contributing to AD pathophysiology. Notably, probiotics demonstrate therapeutic potential by restoring gut microbiome homeostasis, r

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  22. Gut microbiome engineering with probiotics: current trends and future directions

    Priti Duhan, Bhupesh Gupta, Mujtaba Ahmed, et al. · 2025 · Discover Applied Sciences · 13 citations

    The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in digestion, immunity and overall health. Recent advancements in microbiome engineering have led to the development of engineered probiotics, offering new therapeutic possibilities for various health conditions. Engineered probiotics can enhance gut colonization, regulate metabolic functions and deliver targeted bioactive compounds. Additionally, advancements in CRISPR-based gene editing, synthetic biology and artificial intelligence are revolutionizing microbiome research, enabling precision medicine approaches for disease prevention and treatment. Probiotics are being tailored to combat gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic diseases and immune

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  23. Gut bioengineered models to study host-microbiota-probiotics interactions

    Elise Delannoy, Alexandre Grassart, Catherine Daniel · 2025 · Microbiome Research Reports · 2 citations

    The gastrointestinal tract is the major ecological niche in which gut microbes interact with epithelial and immune cells to maintain homeostasis in mammals. Moreover, probiotics modulate the gut microbiota and exert various health benefits after oral administration and persistence in the gut. Until now, animal models have been the gold standard for unravelling the mechanisms implicated in host-microbe interactions. However, their translational relevance to clinical trials and the associated ethical concerns underscore the need for alternative models. The emergence of microfluidic organ-on-chip technologies provides promising new alternative models to explore human host-microbe interactions w

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  24. Probiotics and Gut Microbiome Health

    Mahendra Pal · 2025 · Nutrition and Food Processing

    Recent years have witnessed the global upsurge in the use of probiotics by people as they realized several health benefits. The health of the gut microbiome contributes to the well-being of the human body and the prevention of some diseases. Probiotics, prebiotics and other beneficial components taken in during a healthy diet help to balance the gut microbiome. The probiotics play a significant role both in the prevention and treatment of stomach and intestinal complaints, mental diseases, COVID-19, cancer, and anemia. Yoghurt is considered as a very good source of probiotics, and it should preferably be consumed in the morning. Probiotics manufactured by several pharmaceuticals, are easily

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